The Chiya no Muraji Tane:（千矢連種） Reading District Administration through the Sagami no Kuni Shichō

１，Abstract

This study examines Chiya no Muraji Tane, the district officer (gunji) of Kamakura District in Nara-period Sagami Province, as attested in the Sagami no Kuni Shichō 03740-series. Through a close analysis of seal arrangement, signature formulae, and administrative vocabulary, the paper reconstructs the hierarchical structure of Sagami’s district-officer network and identifies the Chiya lineage as the principal hereditary local elite. The placement of Tane’s seal immediately after the provincial seal demonstrates Kamakura District’s administrative primacy and the central role of the Chiya family in inter-district coordination. A genealogical model of the Chiya lineage is proposed, reflecting the hereditary nature of district-officer families and their multi-member operational structure. Furthermore, the study elucidates the functional division among Sagami’s four districts—Kamakura, Ōzumi, Ashigami, and Aikō—revealing a coherent administrative geography shaped by the Tōkaidō route, cadastral management zones, and mountain–coastal economic gradients. The findings establish a new standard model for understanding provincial governance and local elite lineages in Nara-period Sagami Province.

２，Keywords

Sagami Province; Nara period; district officers (gunji); Chiya no Muraji Tane; Kamakura District; provincial administration; seal arrangement; genealogical reconstruction; Ritsuryō state; administrative geography; cadastral management; local elite lineages.

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＜史料＞

東大寺文書（重要文化財）03740番台、「相模国司牒」写本群。

■ 03740_0002」

• 語彙：相模国司牒／清国調郡地牒事／造東大寺／地増銭

• 国司名：仁智宣平藤原朝臣

• 郡司名：千矢連種

• 朱印多数 → 系列の中心写本（A1）

■ 03740_0003

• 語彙：相模国司／造東大寺／地銭／郡地

• 書式：行数・朱印配置が0002と同一：→ A1の直系（A1-1）

■ 03740_0004

• 語彙：調庸・地券・郡地

• 書式：牒形式（「事」字で区切る）：→ A1の派生（A1-2）

■ 03740_0005

• 語彙：造東大寺司／相模国司／地増

• 朱印：郡司印→ 造東大寺案件特化（A2）

■ 03740_0006

• 語彙：調庸／布／郡司名が複数

• 書式：牒形式→ 調庸系（A3）

■ 03740_0007

• 語彙：地券／境界／郡地→ 地券系（A4）

■ 03740_0008

• 語彙：造東大寺／郡司／地銭→ 造東大寺系（A2-1）

■ 03740_0009

• 語彙：調庸／布／海産物→ 調庸系（A3-1）

■ 03740_0010

• 語彙：郡司名多数／地券／地増→ 地券系（A4-1）